Ntuziaka kacha mma na USB4 Site na ọsọ 40Gbps, bandwit dị ike ruo na njikọ otu eriri na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke.
Kemgbe mmalite nke USB4, anyị na-ebipụta ọtụtụ akụkọ na njikọ iji kesaa ozi dị mkpa. Otú ọ dị, ewu ewu dị elu nke na ndị mmadụ n'ebe nile na-ajụ maka ahịa USB4. Malite na mmalite oge USB 1.0 yana interface nnyefe data 1.5Mbps, USB agabigala ọtụtụ ọgbọ. Enweela ọtụtụ nkọwa dị ka USB 1.0, USB 2.0, na USB 3.0, na interface shapes na atụmatụ imewe gụnyere USB Ụdị-A, USB Ụdị-B, na ugbu a kasị nkịtị USB Ụdị-C, wdg USB4 bụghị nanị nwere a ngwa ngwa nnyefe ọsọ kamakwa nwere mma ndakọrịta (na-akwado azụ ndakọrịta, ya bụ, ndakọrịta na ala nsụgharị). Ọ nwere ike jikọọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ngwaọrụ niile nke ọma ma kwụọ ha ụgwọ. Ọ bụrụ na ekwentị gị, kọmputa, ileba anya, ngwa nbipute, wdg niile na-akwado USB4, mgbe ahụ, theoretically, ị chọrọ naanị a data USB na-akwado USB4 jikọọ ngwaọrụ, na-eme ka ụlọ ọrụ dị mfe karị. Ị dịghịzi mkpa ịzụta dị iche iche interface mgbanwe cables. Ya mere, USB4 nwere ike ime ka ọnọdụ ọrụ anyị dịkwuo iche na adaba. Na mgbakwunye, akụkụ ọzọ dị ịrịba ama nke USB4 bụ na a na-atụ anya ka etinye ya na ngwaọrụ ihu na-akwado mgbako ọgụgụ isi.
01 USB4 vs. USB3.2
USB 3.2 bụ ọkọlọtọ ọhụrụ nke ọgbakọ USB-IF wepụtara. Ewebata ya n'ezie dị ka mbido Septemba 2017. Site na teknụzụ teknụzụ, USB 3.2 bụ nkwalite na mgbakwunye na USB 3.1. Mgbanwe bụ isi bụ na abawanyela ọsọ nnyefe data ruo 20 Gbps, interface ahụ ka na-esokwa yaỤdị-CAtụmatụ eguzobere na oge USB 3.1, anaghị akwado ụdị-A na ụdị-B. Ma USB4 na USB3.2 na-eji ụdị-C interfaces, mana USB4 dị mgbagwoju anya karị. USB4 na-akwado nnyefe n'out oge na nnabata nke onye ọbịa-na-anabata, PCI Express® (PCIe®), DisplayPort audio/video, na USB data site na otu ụdị-C interface na otu njikọ. Ndị ọbịa USB4 abụọ nwere ike ịgbanwe ngwugwu data IP site na ọwara ndị ọbịa na-anabata; DisplayPort na nnyefe ọwara USB pụtara na enwere ike ibunye ọdịyo, vidiyo, data na ike site na otu interface ahụ, nke na-adị ngwa ngwa karịa iji USB3.2. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nnyefe ọwara PCIe nwere ike inye nnukwu bandwidth, obere nkwụsịtụ, ma nweta mmepụta dị elu maka nchekwa nchekwa buru ibu, ọgụgụ isi artificial, na ihe ndị ọzọ eji eme ihe.
USB4 na-ejikọta ọwa nnyefe na nnabata abụọ n'ime otu USB-C interface, yana ọnụego ruru 20 Gbps na40 Gbps, na ọwa ọ bụla nwere ike ịnwe ọnụego data dịka 10 Gbps ma ọ bụ 20 Gbps. Maka ndị mmepe mgbawa, data a dị ezigbo mkpa. Ha kwesịrị ịma na na ọnọdụ Thunderbolt3, ọnụego data na ọwa mgbasa ozi na ọwa nnabata ọ bụla bụ 10.3125 Gbps ma ọ bụ 20.625 Gbps. N'ụdị USB ọdịnala, ọ bụ naanị otu ọwa nnyefe/ nnabata na-agba na ọnụego nke5 Gbps (USB3.0) or 10 Gbps (USB3.1), ebe ọwa abụọ nke USB3.2 na-agba ọsọ na 10 Gbps.
N'ihe gbasara ịdịte aka, ihe ndị na-ebu ike nke ụdịdị-C interface bụ isi ihe mkpuchi ígwè dị n'èzí, bụ nke siri ike ma ghara imebi. A na-echekwa ọwa data etiti site na mkpuchi nke yiri arc, na-eme ka o sie ike imebi. The imewe chọrọ na-egosi naUSB Ụdị-Cnwere ike idi ihe karịrị 10,000 nkwụnye na ịpụpụ na-enweghị mmebi. Ọ bụrụ na agbakọọ dabere na nkwụnye 3 na nkwụnye kwa ụbọchị, enwere ike iji interface USB Type-C mee ihe dịkarịa ala afọ 10.
02 Nbukwa ngwa ngwa nke USB4
Mgbe ahapụchara gọọmentị nke protocol USB 3.2, ụlọ ọrụ USB kwupụtara ngwa ngwa nkọwapụta nke USB 4 n'ime obere oge. N'adịghị ka ụkpụrụ ndị gara aga dị kaUSB 3.2, nke dabere na protocol nke USB, USB 4 anaghịzi anabata nkọwa USB na ọkwa ya mana kama nakweere protocol Thunderbolt 3 nke Intel gosipụtara nke ọma. Nke a bụ nnukwu mgbanwe na mmepe nke USB n'ime ọtụtụ iri afọ gara aga. Mgbe ị na-eji njikọ ụdị-C maka njikọ, ọrụ nke USB4 na-anọchi nke USB 3.2, na USB 2.0 nwere ike na-agba ọsọ n'otu oge. USB 3.2 SuperSpeed melitere ka bụ ntọala ntọala maka nnyefe "data USB" na eriri anụ ahụ USB 4. Nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti USB4 na USB 3.2 dị na USB4 na-adabere na njikọ. Emebere USB4 na tunnels iji jikọta data sitere na ọtụtụ protocol na otu interface anụ ahụ. Ya mere, enwere ike ịkekọrịta ọsọ na ikike nke USB4 n'ike n'ike. USB4 nwere ike ịkwado protocol ngosi ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ nzikọrịta nnabata na nnabata mgbe nnyefe data na-aga n'ihu. Ọzọkwa, USB4 abawanyela ọsọ nzikọrịta ozi site na 20 Gbps (Gen2x2) nke USB 3.2 ruo40 Gbps (Gen3x2)n'otu ụzọ ahụ nwere ụzọ abụọ, ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata abụọ.
Ọ bụghị naanị USB4 na-enweta USB dị elu (dabere na USB3), ma na-akọwakwa ọwara ngosi dabere na DisplayPort na ibu / ụlọ ahịa tunnels dabere na PCIe.
Akụkụ ngosi: Usoro ọwara ngosi nke USB4 dabere na DisplayPort 1.4a. DP 1.4a n'onwe ya na-akwado8k na 60Hz or 4k na 120Hz. Onye ọbịa USB4 kwesịrị ịkwado DisplayPort na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri niile dị n'okpuru. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 4 USB na-ebufe vidiyo na data n'otu oge, ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ga-ekenye bandwit n'otu aka ahụ. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na vidiyo na-achọ naanị 20% nke bandwit iji kwọọ ihe nleba anya 1080p gị (nke bụkwa ọdụ), mgbe ahụ, 80% fọdụrụnụ nke vidiyo nwere ike iji nyefee faịlụ site na SSD mpụga.
N'ihe gbasara ọwara PCIe: Nkwado maka PCIe site na ndị ọbịa USB4 bụ nhọrọ. Ebe USB4 kwesịrị ịkwado ọwara PCIe yana mgba ọkụ ime PCIe kwesịrị ịnọ.
Otu akụkụ dị mkpa nke nkọwapụta USB 4 bụ ike ịmegharị ọnụọgụ ego dịnụ mgbe ị na-eziga vidiyo na data site na otu njikọ ahụ. Yabụ, were ya na ị nwere oke40 Gbps USB 4ma na-eṅomi nnukwu faịlụ site na SSD mpụga ma na-emepụta na ngosi 4K. Ka e were ya na isi iyi vidiyo chọrọ ihe dịka 12.5 Gbps. N'okwu a, USB 4 ga-ekenye 27.5 Mbps fọdụrụnụ na draịvụ ndabere.
USB-C na-ewebata "ụdị ọzọ", nke bụ ikike ibufe vidiyo DisplayPort/HDMI site na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Ụdị-C. Agbanyeghị, nkọwapụta 3.x dị ugbu a anaghị enye usoro dị mma maka ikewa akụrụngwa. Dị ka Saunders si kwuo, ọnọdụ DisplayPort alt nwere ike kewaa bandwidth n'etiti data USB na data vidiyo na 50/50, ebe HDMI alt mode anaghị ekwe ka iji data USB mee ihe n'otu oge.
USB4 na-akọwa ọkọlọtọ nke 40Gbps, na-eme ka ikesa ike nke bandwit ka otu eriri data nwee ike mezuo ọtụtụ ọrụ. Site na USB4, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịnyefe PCIe n'otu oge ma gosipụta data n'otu ahịrị, yana ọrụ USB ọdịnala, na ọbụna nye ike (site na USB PD) n'ụzọ dabara adaba. N'ọdịnihu, ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ ndị dị n'akụkụ, ma ọ bụ netwọk dị elu, kaadị eserese mpụga, ihe ngosi dị elu, ngwaọrụ nchekwa ngwa ngwa dị elu, ma ọ bụ ọbụna otu igwe na igwe ọzọ, nwere ike jikọọ site na interface Type-C. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụrụ na ngwaọrụ ndị a mejuputa USB4 Hub, ị nwekwara ike jikọọ ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ na usoro ma ọ bụ alaka si ngwaọrụ ndị a, nke dị nnọọ adaba.
Oge nzipu: Ọkt-20-2025
